The independent variable is the one that is changed by the scientist. An experiment usually has three kinds of variables: independent, dependent, and controlled. A variable is any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types. The things that are changing in an experiment are called variables. In other words, scientists design an experiment so that they can observe or measure if changes to one thing cause something else to vary in a repeatable way. ![]() Cause and effect relationships explain why things happen and allow you to reliably predict what will happen if you do something. In doing so, they use experiments to search for cause and effect relationships. Scientists try to figure out how the natural world works.
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